The Essential Judas Maccabaeus

Maccabee Facts about St. Judas Maccabaeus

The Life of St. Judas Maccabeus
PLACE OF BIRTH: Modi'in, Judea
PLACE OF DEATH: Elasa (160 BC), near modern day Ramallah
MILITARY SERVICE: Rebel leader and commander of the Maccabees
YEARS OF SERVICE: 167-160 BC
BATTLES/WARS: Revolt of the Maccabees
LEGACY: Military hero, Defender of Judaism, Founder of Hanukkah
PRESTIGE: One of the Nine Worthies, which include nine of the greatest Judeo-Christian warriors of all time
JUDAISM: Seen as one of greatest Jewish warriors in history, alongside Joshua, Gideon and David
ESTABLISHMENT: Founded the holiday of Hanukkah and the Hasmonean Dynasty of Israel

The Faith of St. Judas Maccabaeus
RELIGION: Temple Judaism
FAITH: Devout, traditional
BIBLE: Book of the Maccabees I and II
APOCRYPHA: Book of the Maccabees III, IV, and V
OTHER BOOKS: Book of the Maccabees VI, VII, VIII, and the three Ethiopian books of Meqabyan
TRADITION: One of the only actual Judeo-Christian heroes in history
JUDAISM: Founder of the festival of Hanukkah (Dedication), an official holiday of Judaism
CHRISTIANITY: Considered a Saint residing in the Christian Kingdom of Heaven
RECOGNITION: Honored by Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodox, Ethiopian and Coptic Christianity
CHURCHES: I. St. Mary and St. Shmuni Church, in Sinstorf (Hamburg, Germany), II. Chapel of the Maccabees, in Saint-Pierre, (Geneva, Switzerland), III. St. Maccabees Church, in Cologne, (Germany), IV. Church of St. Maccabees Brothers in Lady, (Poland)

Ancestry of St. Judas Maccabaeus
ROYAL LINE: Hasmonean Dynasty
TRIBE OF ISRAEL: Levi
FAMILY HOUSE: House of Asamoneus
PRIESTHOOD: Seven Watchtowers of Joarib
FATHER: Mattathias the Hasmonean
BIRTH ORDER: 3rd-born Son
BROTHERS: John Gaddis, Simon Thassi, Eleazar Avaran, Jonathan Apphus (By Birth Order)
FAMILY TOMB: Modi'in, Israel

Various Names of St. Judas Maccabaeus
STANDARD: Judas Maccabeus, Judas Maccabaeus
TITLE: The Hammer, the Hammer of God, the Hammerer
JEWISH: Judah Maccabee, Judah the Maccabee
YIDDISH: Yehudah HaMakabi
LITERAL ENGLISH: Judah the Hammer
HEBREW: יהודה המכבי
ORIGIN: From the Aramaic 'maqqabba', or 'makebet' in modern Hebrew
ALTERNATIVE SPELLINGS: Machabeus, Maccabeus,

Hebrew Alphabet

The Eternal Laws of St. Judas Maccabaeus
GOD: I. You will accept death over idolatry.
LIFE: II. You will accept death over murder.
SEXUALITY: III. You will accept death over sexual perversion.

St. Judas Maccabaeus in Literature
Old English Homilies on The Maccabees, by Aelfric (c. 1000) edited by Stuart D. Lee
El Maccabeo, by Miguel de Silveyra. (Naples, 1638)
La chevalerie de Judas Macabe, by Pierre du Ryer (1600-1658)
Judas Machabaeus, (Rome 1695)
Judas Makkabaeus, by Josef Eduard Konrad Bischoff (Germany 1885)
The Hammer, by Alfred J. Church and Richmond Seeley (1890)
Alilot Gibbor ha-Yehudim Yehudah ha-Makkabi le-Veit ha-Hashmona'im, by Jacob Benjamin Katznelson (1922)
Judas Makkabaeus, ein Kleinvolk kaempft um Glaube und Heimat, by Karl Boxler (1943)
My Glorious Brothers, by Howard Fast (1948)
Yehudah ha-Makkabi in A Layter tsu der Zun, by Moses Schulstein (1954)
Yehudah ha-Makkabi in Sippurim le-Mofet, by Jacob Fichmann (1954)

St. Judas Maccabaeus in Theatre
Judas Maccabeaus, by William Houghton (1601)
Giuda Maccabeo, ossia la morte di Nicanore, an Oratorio adapted by Vallicella (1839)
Judas Maccabaeus, by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1872)

St. Judas Maccabaeus in Art
The illustrated manuscript Libri Maccabaeorum (900s AD)
Josephus, illustrations by Jean Fouquet
Chapel of the Dead, in Tournai Cathedral, by Rubens
Illustrated English Bible, illustrated by Paul Gustave Dore
Nine Heroes Tapestries, at the Metropolitan Museum (South Netherlandish, ca. 1400-1410)
The Triumph of Judas Maccabeus, by Gerrit van Honthorst

St. Judas Maccabaeus in Music
Judas Maccabaeus, an Oratorio, by George Frideric Handel (1746)
Song of Judas Maccabeus Before the Battle of Maspha, by Rebekah Hyneman (1816-1875)
The Battle-Cry of the South, by James R. Randall (1860s)

St. Judas Maccabaeus Briefly Mentioned in...
The classic saga called the Divine Comedy, by Dante
The classic play called Love's Labour's Lost, by Shakespeare
The song Hanukkah in Santa Monica, by Tom Lehrer
The song Jerusalem, by Mirah
The book Treatise on Twelve Lights, Ch. 5 (Recourse to the Sword), by Robert Struble (2007-08)



May the LORD God bless you in the name of St. Judas Maccabaeus.

.
Jason Nicholas Korning


SOURCE(S): - Judas Maccabaeus, Wikipedia. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Maccabeus), Judas Maccabaeus on the web, by Tim Spalding. (http://www.isidore-of-seville.com/maccabeus/), Books of the Maccabees, Wikipedia.(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Books_of_the_Maccabees), Category: Holy Maccabees Churches, Wikimedia. (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Holy_Maccabees_churches)

Heresy may be many things but it's not boring (Avodah Zarah 17a)

A Definition of the Maccabees - המכבים

馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比
مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים マカバイ- مكابيين

Definitions of the Maccabees

Maccabees \Mac'ca*bees\
(n. pl.) The name given later times to the Asmonaeans, a family of Jewish patriots, who headed a religious revolt in the reign of Antiochus IV., 168-161 B. C., which led to a period of freedom for Israel.
(n. pl.) The name of two ancient historical books, which give accounts of Jewish affairs in or about the time of the Maccabean princes, and which are received as canonical books in the Roman Catholic Church, but are included in the Apocrypha by Protestants. Also applied to three books, two of which are found in some MSS. [manuscripts] of the Septuagint.

- Webster's Dictionary 1913

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים -

Maccabees
Mac·ca·bees (mak′ə bēz′) noun
1. family of Jewish patriots who, under Judas Maccabaeus, headed a successful revolt against the Syrians (175-164 ) & ruled Palestine until 37
2. Bible two books of the Old Testament Apocrypha that tell of this revolt: abbrev. M, Macc, or Mc

Origin: LL(Ec) Machabaei, pl. of Machabaeus, surname of Judas- Greek(Ec) Makkabaios, ? Aramaic maqqābā, hammer: hence, lit., the hammerer

- Webster's New World College Dictionary

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים

Maccabees
Mac·ca·bees 1 (măk-ə-bēz)
A family of Jewish patriots of the second and first centuries B.C., active in the liberation of Judea from Syrian rule.
Mac·ca·bees 2 (măkə-bēz)
plural noun Abbr. M or Mc or Mac. or Macc.

Related Forms: Maccabean, Macca·be, an adjective

- The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 -המכבים

Maccabees
late 14c., from L.L. Maccabæus, surname given to Judas, third son of Mattathias the Hasmonean, leader of the religious revolt against Antiochus IV, 175-166 B.C.E., usually connected with Heb. maqqabh "hammer," but Klein thinks it an inexact transliteration of Heb. matzbi "general, commander of an army."

- Online Etymology Dictionary

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 המכבים -

Maccabees
Mac·ca·bees: noun pl \ma-kə-bēz\
Definition of MACCABEES
1: a priestly family leading a Jewish revolt begun in 168 b.c. against Hellenism and Syrian rule and reigning over Palestine from 142 b.c. to 63 b.c.
2: singular in construction : either of two narrative and historical books included in the Roman Catholic canon of the Old Testament and in the Protestant Apocrypha
- Mac·ca·be·an\ma-kə-bē-ən\ adjective

Origin of MACCABEES
Greek Makkabaioi, from plural of Makkabaios, surname of Judas Maccabaeus 2d century b.c. Jewish patriot
First Known Use: 1587

- Miriam-Webster On-line Dictionary

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים -

Maccabees
Mac·ca·bees, pronunciation: mae kə biz
part of speech: plural noun
definition: the members of a ruling Jewish family who defeated the Syrians in 167 B.C. and rededicated the temple in Jerusalem, these events being commemorated in the festival of Hanukkah.

- Wordsmyth Dictionary

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 המכבים -

Maccabees
MAC'CABEES, n. The name of two apocryphal books in the Bible.

- Webster's Dictionary, 1828 Edition

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 המכבים -

Maccabees
1. A family of Jewish patriots of the second and first centuries B.C., active in the liberation of Judea from Syrian rule.
-noun-plural

- American Heritage Dictionary

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 המכבים -

Maccabees
-proper-noun
1. A book of the Old Testament Apocrypha.
2. A Jewish liberation movement who fought for, and established independence in the Land of Israel during the second and first centuries BC.

- Wiktionary

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים -

Maccabees
Mac·ca·bees [ mákə beez ] plural noun
Definition:
1. followers of Judas Maccabeus: the followers of Judas Maccabeus, who led the revolt of the Jews against Syria in 168 bc
2. books of Jewish history: four books of Jewish history, the first two of which are included in the Roman Catholic Bible and Protestant Apocrypha

[14th century. Via Latin Maccabaeus, Greek Makkabaios, epithet of Judas]
Mac·ca·be·an [ màkə be ən ] adjective

- Encarta World English Dictionary

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 המכבים -


Maccabees
(fl. 2nd century BC) Priestly family of Jews who organized a successful rebellion against Antiochus IV Epiphanes in Palestine and reconsecrated the defiled Temple of Jerusalem. The rebellion began under the leadership of the Jewish priest Mattathias after Antiochus sought to stamp out Judaism by forbidding all Jewish practices and desecrating the temple (167 BC). When Mattathias died (c. 166 BC), his son Judas Maccabaeus recaptured Jerusalem and reconsecrated the temple, an event celebrated in the holiday Hanukkah. After Judas's death, the war continued intermittently under his brothers Jonathan and Simon. The Maccabees formed the Hasmonean dynasty.

- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים -

Maccabees
This word does not occur in Scripture. It was the name given to the leaders of the national party among the Jews who suffered in the persecution under Antiochus Epiphanes, who succeeded to the Syrian throne B.C. 175. It is supposed to have been derived from the Hebrew word (makkabah) meaning "hammer," as suggestive of the heroism and power of this Jewish family, who are, however, more properly called Asmoneans or Hasmonaeans, the origin of which is much disputed.

After the expulsion of Antiochus Epiphanes from Egypt by the Romans, he gave vent to his indignation on the Jews, great numbers of whom he mercilessly put to death in Jerusalem. He oppressed them in every way, and tried to abolish altogether the Jewish worship. Mattathias, an aged priest, then residing at Modin, a city to the west of Jerusalem, became now the courageous leader of the national party; and having fled to the mountains, rallied round him a large band of men prepared to fight and die for their country and for their religion, which was now violently suppressed. In 1 Macc. 2:60 is recorded his dying counsels to his sons with reference to the war they were now to carry on. His son Judas, "the Maccabee," succeeded him (B.C. 166) as the leader in directing the war of independence, which was carried on with great heroism on the part of the Jews, and was terminated in the defeat of the Syrians.

- Easton's Bible Dictionary 1897

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 המכבים -

Maccabees
(a hammer ), This title, which was originally the surname of Judas, one of the sons of Mattathias, was afterward extended to the heroic family of which he was one of the noblest representatives. Asmonaeans or Hasmonaeans is the Proper name of the family, which is derived from Cashmon, great grandfather of Mattathias. The Maccabees were a family of Jews who resisted the authority of Antiochus Epiphanes king of Syria and his successors who had usurped authority over the Jews, conquered Jerusalem, and strove to introduce idolatrous worship. The standard of independence was first raised by Mattathias, a priest of the course of Joiarih. He seems, however, to have been already advanced in years when the rising was made, and he did not long survive the fatigues of active service. He died B.C. 166, having named Judas --apparently his third son--as his successor in directing the war of independence. After gaining several victories over the other generals of Antiochus, Judas was able to occupy Jerusalem except the "tower," and purified the temple exactly three years after its profanation. Nicanor was defeated, first at Capharsalama, and again in a decisive battle at Adasa B.C. 161, where he was slain. This victory was the greatest of Judas successes, and practically decided the question of Jewish independence; but shortly after Judas fell at Eleasa, fighting at desperate odds against the invaders. After the death of Judas, Jonathan his brother succeeded to the command, and later assumed the high-priestly office. He died B.C. 144, and was succeeded by Simon the last remaining brother of the Maccabaean family, who died B.C. 135. The efforts of both brothers were crowned with success. On the death of Simon, Johannes Hyrcanus, one of his sons, at once assumed the government, B.C. 135, and met with a peaceful death B.C. 105. His eldest son, Aristobulus I., who succeeded him B.C. 105-101, was the first who assumed the kingly title, though Simon had enjoyed the fullness of the kingly power. Alexander Jannaeus was the next successor B.C. 104-78. Aristobulus II. and Hyrcanus III. engaged in a civil war On the death of their mother, Alexandra, B.C. 78-69, resulting in the dethronement of Aristobulus II., B.C. 69-69, and the succession of Hyrcanus under Roman rule but without his kingly title, B.C. 63-40. From B.C. 40 to B.C. 37 Antigonus, a son of Aristobulus II., ruled, and with his two grandchildren, Aristobulus and Mariurnne, the Asmonaean dynasty ended.

- Smith's Bible Dictionary 1901

- マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים -

May the LORD God bless you in the name of St. Judas Maccabaeus.

馬加比 - המכבים - マカバイ- مكابيين - 馬加比
مكابيين - 馬加比 - המכבים マカバイ- مكابيين


SOURCE(S) (1) Webster's New World College Dictionary. © 2010 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio. (http://www.yourdictionary.com/maccabees).
(2) The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition © 2010 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.(http://www.yourdictionary.com/maccabees).
(3) 1913 Webster's Dictionary, (http://www.onelook.com/?loc=pub&w=maccabees).
(4) Online Etymology Dictionary, http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Maccabees).
(5) Miriam-Webster On-line Dictionary, (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/maccabees).
(6) Wordsmyth Dictionary, Advanced Dictionary. (http://www.wordsmyth.net/?ent=Maccabees).
(7) Webster's Dictionary, 1828 Edition. (http://1828.mshaffer.com/d/word/maccabees)
(8) Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. at Free Dictionary.org, a On-line Dictionary. (http://www.freedictionary.org/?Query=maccabees).
(9) American Heritage Dictionary & Wiktionary, at Wordnik.com, (Maccabees Definition, http://www.wordnik.com/words/Maccabees)
(10) Encarta® World English Dictionary [North American Edition] © & (P)2009 Microsoft Corporation. (http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/dictionary/DictionaryResults.aspx?refid=1861627541)
(11) For more information on Maccabees, visit Britannica.com. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Copyright © 1994-2008 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. - The Free Dictionary.com, an on-line Dictioary, (http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Maccabees+%28family%29)
(12) Smith, William, Dr. "Entry for 'Maccabees'". 1901. Smith's Bible Dictionary, (http://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionaries/smiths-bible-dictionary/maccabees.html)